Gravity exploration method was employed in the study of the Lop Nur salt lake basin structure and the exploration of potash resources. Based on processing and inversion of gravity data, the authors have found that northern depressions of the Lop Nur salt lake are composed of two local sub-depressions arrayed from south to north. On the basis of new discovery of the Lop Nur salt lake basin, the authors delineated several long-term targets for potash deposit exploration and determined drill hole locations in search for deep potash resources. The combination of exploration methods in prospecting for deep concealed potash resources is also put forward in this paper.