Based on post-earthquake field investigation, the authors summarized the distribution, occurrence, inherited reactivation and deformation features of the co-seismic surface ruptures developed on the Longmenshan fault system, together with the relationship between coseismic deformation and earthquake geological hazards. Systematic research indicates that the surface rupture occurred simultaneously along the Beichuan-Yingxiu fault and the Anxian-Guanxian fault: the former is 275 km long and characterized by high angle thrust and dextral strike-slip, while the latter is 80 km long and characterized by flat thrust. Further analysis also reveals the inner relations between segmentation of coseismic surface rupture and zonation of surface damage associated with the Wenchuan earthquake. Therefore, the relationship between the earthquake geological disasters and the rupture process of the Wenchun earthquake together with the associated coseismic surface deformation need further study.