Based on the observed data of precursory underground fluid and those of macroscopic groundwater from macroscopic observation points in Anhui Province, this paper analyzed the relationship between fluid anomaly distribution and fault structure, and studied on the possible influence of Wenchuan earthquake on Anhui Province by tectonic characteristics. By using seismic data recorded by Anhui seismic network after the Wenchuan earthquake, the paper analyzed the relationship between seismic activity of main areas and fluid anomalies of concentration areas. Taking earthquake case as examples, the paper studied on the trend of seismic activity and area worthy of attention.