Pharmacokinetic parameters for single- and multi-dose regimens for subcutaneous administration of a high-dose ceftiofur crystalline-free acid to neonatal foals

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• 作者：N. Pusterla ; T. L. Hall ; S. E. Wetzlich ; G. Monmaney ; J. R. Collier ; J. A. Hill and L. A. Tell
• 刊名：Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：40
• 期：1
• 页码：88-91
• 全文大小：159K
• ISSN：1365-2885

文摘

The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of single- and multi-dose ceftiofur crystalline-free acid (CCFA) administered subcutaneously at a dose of 13.2 mg/kg to 12 neonatal foals 1–3 days of age. Six foals received a single subcutaneous dose, while 6 additional foals received 4 doses of CCFA at 48-h intervals. Blood samples were collected at pre-determined times following drug administration, and plasma concentrations of ceftiofur free acid equivalents (CFAE) were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. Following single-dose administration of CCFA, the mean ± standard deviation maximum observed plasma concentration was 3.1 ± 0.6 μg/mL and observed time to maximal plasma concentration was 14.0 ± 4.9 h. Following multi-dose administration of CCFA, the mean ±standard deviation times above CFAE concentrations of ≥0.5 μg/mL and ≥2.0 μg/mL were 192.95 ± 15.86 h and 78.80 ± 15.31 h, respectively. The mean ± standard deviation area under the concentration vs time curve (AUC_0→∝) was 246.2 ± 30.7 h × μg/mL and 172.7 ± 27.14 h × μg/mL following single- and multi-dose CCFA administrations, respectively. Subcutaneous administration of CCFA at 13.2 mg/kg in neonatal foals was clinically well- tolerated and resulted in plasma concentrations sufficient for the treatment of most bacterial pathogens associated with neonatal foal septicemia. Multi-dose administration of four doses at dosing interval of 48 h between treatments maintains appropriate therapeutic concentrations in neonatal foals.