Detector developments at DESY

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• 作者：Cornelia B. Wunderer ; Aschkan Allahgholi ; Matthias Bayer ; Laura Bianco ; Jonathan Correa ; Annette Delfs ; Peter G&ouml ; ttlicher ; Helmut Hirsemann ; Stefanie Jack ; Alexander Klyuev ; Sabine Lange ; Alessandro Marras ; Magdalena Niemann ; Florian Pithan ; Salim Reza ; Igor Sheviakov ; Sergej Smoljanin ; Maximilian Tennert ; Ulrich Trunk ; Qingqing Xia ; Jiaguo Zhang ; Manfred Zimmer ; Dipayan Das ; Nicola Guerrini ; Ben Marsh ; Iain Sedgwick ; Renato Turchetta ; Giuseppe Cautero ; Dario Giuressi ; Ralf Menk ; Anastasiya Khromova ; Giovanni Pinaroli ; Luigi Stebel ; Julien Marchal ; Ulrik Pedersen ; Nick Rees ; Paul Steadman ; Mark Sussmuth ; Nicola Tartoni ; Hazem Yousef ; HyoJung Hyun ; KyungSook Kim ; Seungyu Rah ; Roberto Dinapoli ; Dominic Greiffenberg ; Davide Mezza ; Aldo Mozzanica ; Bernd Schmitt ; Xintian Shi ; Hans Krueger ; Robert Klanner ; Joem Schwandt and Heinz Graafsma
• 关键词：imaging detector ; soft X-ray ; FEL ; high frame rate
• 刊名：Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：23
• 期：1
• 页码：111-117
• 全文大小：2131K
• ISSN：1600-5775

文摘

With the increased brilliance of state-of-the-art synchrotron radiation sources and the advent of free-electron lasers (FELs) enabling revolutionary science with EUV to X-ray photons comes an urgent need for suitable photon imaging detectors. Requirements include high frame rates, very large dynamic range, single-photon sensitivity with low probability of false positives and (multi)-megapixels. At DESY, one ongoing development project – in collaboration with RAL/STFC, Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Diamond, and Pohang Accelerator Laboratory – is the CMOS-based soft X-ray imager PERCIVAL. PERCIVAL is a monolithic active-pixel sensor back-thinned to access its primary energy range of 250 eV to 1 keV with target efficiencies above 90%. According to preliminary specifications, the roughly 10 cm × 10 cm, 3.5k × 3.7k monolithic sensor will operate at frame rates up to 120 Hz (commensurate with most FELs) and use multiple gains within 27 µm pixels to measure 1 to ∼100000 (500 eV) simultaneously arriving photons. DESY is also leading the development of the AGIPD, a high-speed detector based on hybrid pixel technology intended for use at the European XFEL. This system is being developed in collaboration with PSI, University of Hamburg, and University of Bonn. The AGIPD allows single-pulse imaging at 4.5 MHz frame rate into a 352-frame buffer, with a dynamic range allowing single-photon detection and detection of more than 10000 photons at 12.4 keV in the same image. Modules of 65k pixels each are configured to make up (multi)megapixel cameras. This review describes the AGIPD and the PERCIVAL concepts and systems, including some recent results and a summary of their current status. It also gives a short overview over other FEL-relevant developments where the Photon Science Detector Group at DESY is involved.