The heterotrophic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus (Pf) grows optimally at 100 °C.
Pf was previously engineered to produce ethanol near 75 °C.
Pf shown to generate acetoin (3-hydroxybutanone) as a major end product below 80 °C.
Biosynthetic acetolactate synthase (ALS) is the enzyme that produces acetoin.
A als deletion mutant has increased ethanol production.