Cleaner production status in the Middle East and North Africa region with special focus on Egypt

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• 作者：D. Sakr^a ; ^{daliaskr@aucegypt.edu" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; A. Abo Sena^b
• 关键词：Cleaner production ; Resource efficient and cleaner production ; Implementation rate ; Adoption rate ; Middle East and North Africa ; Egypt
• 刊名：Journal of Cleaner Production
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：10 January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：141
• 期：Complete
• 页码：1074-1086
• 全文大小：2392 K

文摘

Cleaner production concepts and tools have been introduced in some Middle Eastern and North African countries during the gradual evolution of environmental management at the national level. In spite of numerous government and donor-funded initiatives to promote wider adoption of cleaner production, the industrial sector in several Middle Eastern and North African countries has shown slower implementation rates than expected. This paper contributes to wider research that examines means to improve the uptake of cleaner production and eco-industrial parks in the Middle Eastern and North Africaregion, focusing on Egypt as a case study. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted through in-person and phone interviews from February 2012 to June 2015 with people at 160 companies. The adoption of cleaner production was evaluated based on a four-activity descriptive framework: i) awareness, ii) acquisition or association, iii) assimilation, and iv) application and continual improvement. The industrial companies surveyed are at an early phase of the cleaner production evolutionary process. They were generally at a reactive stage to the external stimuli that have largely been driven by government and by international donor-sponsored programs during the last twenty years. Furthermore, the findings highlight the importance of differentiation between the implementation and adoption rates of cleaner technologies and practices. This research avails empirical data from Egypt that provides insights from industry that could be used to design future programs at this critical time, as Egypt suffers from an energy crisis and is therefore more open to non-traditional approaches for sustainable economic growth.