The Ross procedure in children: preoperative haemodynamic manifestation has significant effect on late autograft re-operation

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• 作者：Bahaaldin Alsoufi ; Cedric Manlhiot ; Bahaa Fadel ; Mamdouh Al-Ahmadi ; Mohammad Tamim ; Brian W. McCrindle ; Charles C. Canver ; Zohair Al-Halees
• 关键词：Aortic regurgitation ; Aortic valve replacement ; Congenital heart disease ; Rheumatic fever ; Ross procedure
• 刊名：European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery
• 出版年：2010
• 出版时间：November 2010
• 年：2010
• 卷：38
• 期：5
• 页码：547-555
• 全文大小：204 K

文摘

Objectives: The Ross procedure is the aortic valve-replacement procedure of choice in children. Nonetheless, late autograft re-operation for dilatation and/or valve regurgitation is of concern. We examined whether preoperative haemodynamic manifestation (e.g., stenosis, regurgitation and mixed aortic valve disease) affected late re-operation risk. Methods: Medical records of 227 children who underwent the Ross procedure (1991–2004) were reviewed. Competing-risks methodology determined time-related prevalence and associated factors for two mutually exclusive end-states after the Ross procedure: (1) death prior to subsequent autograft re-operation and (2) autograft re-operation, with the remainder of patients being alive and free from subsequent autograft re-operation. Results: There were 162 male patients (71 % ) in this study. Median age at surgery was 12.1 years (range: 1 week–18 years). The haemodynamic aortic valve dysfunction was primarily stenosis (n = 40, 18 % ), primarily regurgitation (n = 109, 48 % ) and mixed disease (n = 78, 35 % ). Underlying pathology was rheumatic fever (n = 104, 46 % ), congenital heart disease (n = 113, 50 % ) and endocarditis (n = 8, 3 % ). Competing-risks analysis showed that, at 10 years following the Ross procedure, 5 % of patients had died, 16 % had undergone autograft re-operation with aortic valve replacement and 79 % were alive and free from autograft re-operation. Ten-year freedom from autograft re-operation for patients with preoperative stenosis, regurgitation and mixed disease was 97 % , 69 % and 93 % , respectively, (p < 0.001 for regurgitation vs others). Risk factors for increased risk of autograft re-operation were rheumatic fever (parameter estimates (PEs): 2.09 ± 0.75, p = 0.006), and earlier year of surgery (PE: 0.20 ± 0.06, p = 0.001). Ten-year freedom from homograft replacement was 81 % and was not dependent on haemodynamic manifestation (PE: −0.16 ± 0.38, p = 0.68). Significant factors for homograft replacement included fresh homografts (PE: 2.2 ± 0.63, p = 0.01) and annular enlargement (PE: 1.11 ± 0.3, p = 0.01). Ten-year freedom from cardiac re-operation other than auto-/homograft was 85 % , higher in patients with preoperative aortic regurgitation (PE: 1.01 ± 0.42, p = 0.02). Concomitant cardiac surgery was a significant factor for late cardiac re-operation other than auto-/homograft replacement (PE: 1.79 ± 0.39, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The Ross procedure in children is associated with excellent survival. Late autograft re-operation may be required; however, it is more common in children with preoperative aortic regurgitation, especially those with rheumatic fever. Better patient selection in later era has mitigated the risk of autograft re-operation. Continued improved candidate selection, along with modifications in autograft implantation and root/sinotubular stabilisation techniques, may further decrease late autograft failure.