Primary Central Nervous System Immunomodulatory Therapy-Induced Lymphoproliferative Disorder in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

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• 作者：Abdullah Alobaid¹ ; ^{abdullah.alobaid@medportal.ca" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Emina Torlakovic² ; Paul Kongkham²
• 关键词：Central nervous system lymphoma ; Immunosuppression ; Inflammatory bowel disease ; Lymphoproliferative disorders ; Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder
• 刊名：World Neurosurgery
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：December 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：84
• 期：6
• 页码：2074.e15-2074.e19
• 全文大小：1112 K

文摘

Immunosuppression and immunomodulatory therapy-induced lymphoproliferative disorders (ILPD) represent a heterogeneous group of lymphoid cell disorders that occur secondary to iatrogenic immune dysfunction, best described in the post-transplant setting.

Case Description

We describe a case of a primary central nervous system ILPD in a patient with ulcerative colitis treated chronically with the immunomodulatory agents infliximab and azathioprine. This 52-year-old woman presented with a 1-month history of left-side weakness and paresthesias. Neuroimaging identified multiple heterogeneously enhancing lesions in her cerebrum. Extensive systemic infectious and malignancy-related investigations were negative, prompting neurosurgical referral to obtain a tissue diagnosis. Pathologic assessment of her open excisional biopsy specimen confirmed the diagnosis of a polymorphic lymphoproliferative disorder. She was treated by withdrawal of infliximab and azathioprine, along with a prolonged course of prednisone. At her 6-month follow-up, she demonstrated both clinical and radiologic improvement.

Conclusions

ILPD should be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients with iatrogenic immunodeficiency presenting with neurologic symptoms and intra-axial mass lesions on neuroimaging investigations. A standard treatment regimen for ILPD remains to be determined, however withholding the immunomodulatory agents and trial of corticosteroids may be tried as a first-line option before the use of more aggressive chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy.