• 作者：Zhi-Peng Xu^a ; ^b ; Su-Lian Yang^c ; Shi Zhao^d ; Cheng-Hong Zheng^e ; Hong-Hua Li^b ; Yao Zhang^f ; Rong-Xi Huang^a ; Meng-Zhu Li^a ; Yuan Gao^a ; Shu-Juan Zhang^a ; Pei-Yan Zhan^g ; Li-Fang Zhang^e ; Lin Deng^d ; Sheng Wei^c ; Yan-Chao Liu^a ; Jing-Wang Ye^a ; Hu-Jun Ren^h ; Na Li^d ; Cai-Xia Kongⁱ ; Xin Wang^a ; Lin Fang^a ; Qiu-Zhi Zhou^a ; Hong-Wei Jiang^c ; Jing-Rong Li^j ; Qun Wang^a ; ^k ; Dan Ke^a ; ^k ; Gong-Ping Liu^a ; ^k ; ; Jian-Zhi Wang^a ; ^k ; ^{wangjz@mail.hust.edu.cn" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：T2DM ; type 2 diabetes mellitus ; AD ; Alzheimer's disease ; GSK-3β ; glycogen synthase kinase-3β ; MMSE ; minimum mental state examination ; CDR ; clinical dementia rating ; MCI ; mild cognitive impairment ; ARMS ; amplification refractory mutation system ; CCCRC ; Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center ; OR ; odds ratio ; CI ; confidence intervals ; ROC ; receiver operating characteristics ; AUC ; the area under the curve ; ApoE ; apolipoprotein E ; HbA1c ; hemoglobin A1c
• 刊名：EBioMedicine
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：March 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：5
• 期：Complete
• 页码：105-113
• 全文大小：818 K

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ApoE ε4 gene, platelet GSK-3β activation, olfactory dysfunction and aging are non-invasive, affordable and accessible biomarkers for diagnosing mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, and the combination of these non-invasive, affordable and accessible biomarkers can improve the accuracy of the diagnosis.

Epidemiological studies show that type 2 diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor of Alzheimer disease, and a large proportion of diabetic patients will develop Alzheimer disease, but no early diagnostic tool to identify them. We find that ApoE ε4 gene, platelet GSK-3β activation, olfactory dysfunction and aging are early markers for dementia in type 2 diabetes patients, and combination of these non-invasive markers can improve the diagnostic accuracy. These findings shed light on the early identification in type 2 diabetes population who will develop Alzheimer disease and thus enable early intervention to this currently incurable neurodegenerative disorder.