Structure and dynamics in nanoionic materials

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• 作者：Alan V. Chadwick ; Shelley L.P. Savin
• 关键词：Nanoionics ; Diffusion ; XAS ; Nanocrystals ; Oxides
• 刊名：Solid State Ionics
• 出版年：2006
• 出版时间：30 November 2006
• 年：2006
• 卷：177
• 期：35-36
• 页码：3001-3008
• 全文大小：396 K

文摘

Nanomaterials, materials with particle dimensions less than 100 nm, show a range of unusual properties when compared with their bulk counterparts. Atomic transport is one of these properties and nanomaterials have been reported as having exceptionally high diffusion coefficients. In the case of ionic materials the atomic transport is important in a number of technological applications where they are used as solid electrolytes, for example in sensors, batteries and fuel cells. Hence ionic nanomaterials often referred to as nanoionics, can offer the means of producing electrolytes with improved performance. This contribution will examine the mechanisms of atomic transport in nanoionics in two model materials, zirconia and lithium niobate. Since an understanding of these mechanisms is dependent on knowledge of the microstructure of the materials consideration will also be given to the structural characterisation of the materials, with a focus on X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The use of this technique to characterise mesoporous a-Fe₂O₃ is also discussed.