On the sol-gel synthesis mechanism of nanostructured Li_3.95La_0.05Ti_4.95Ag_0.05O₁₂ with enhanced electrochemical performance for lithium ion battery

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• 作者：Lulu Yao^a ; ^b ; Ziyang Ning^a ; Songtao Guo^a ; Yuan Guo^a ; Yan Sun^a ; Carlos R. Rambo^c ; Tao Yuan^d ; Zhao Huang^a ; Chunming Zhang^b ; ^{zhangchm2003@163.com} ; Dannong He^a ; ^b ; ^{hdn_nercn@163.com}
• 关键词：Sol-gel method ; Chelating mechanism ; Lithium titanate ; Anode material ; Li-ion battery
• 刊名：Ceramics International
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：15 February 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：43
• 期：3
• 页码：3393-3400
• 全文大小：1184 K
• 卷排序：43

文摘

A modified sol-gel process using ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and citric acid as bi-components chelating agent was used to prepare Li3.95La0.05Ti4.95Ag0.05O12 (LLTAO). The reactions between raw materials and the possible route of hydrolysis-sintering processes were detailed analyzed and studied. The phases forming mechanism and structure of the colloidal particles, gel and the precursor were also discussed. Interface reaction between chelating agents and precipitate contributes a lot to the products. XRD, SEM, FT-IR, TEM and TG-DSC were used to characterize the intermediates and final powders. The intermediate product of Li and Ti is in nanometer scale, uniformly distributed in precursor. The La3+ and Ag+ co-doping could greatly improve the electrochemical performance of LTO, which reached the capacity of 179, 168, 163, 151, 133, 109 and 76 mA h g−1 at 0.5C, 1C, 2C, 5C, 10C, 20C and 40C discharge rate, respectively. The electrochemical performance of lithium intercalation/extraction was characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy at room temperature.