Origin of zero and negative thermal expansion in severely-deformed superelastic NiTi alloy

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• 作者：A. Ahadi^a ; ^b ; ^{Ahadi.Aslan@nims.go.jp} ; Y. Matsushita^c ; T. Sawaguchi^c ; Q.P. Sun^d ; K. Tsuchiya^c
• 关键词：Severe plastic deformation ; Shape memory alloys ; Nanocrystalline microstructure ; In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) ; Zero and negative thermal expansion
• 刊名：Acta Materialia
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：1 February 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：124
• 期：Complete
• 页码：79-92
• 全文大小：6151 K
• 卷排序：124

文摘

We have investigated the physical origin of anomalous in-plane thermal expansion (TE) anisotropy leading to invar-like behavior and negative TE in nanostructured NiTi sheets manufactured via severe cold-rolling. The roles of grain size (GS), crystallographic texture, thermally-induced phase transformation, and intrinsic (lattice level) TE of austenite (B2) and martensite (B19′) phases on the macroscopic TE behavior are addressed. It is shown that by controlling the cold-rolling thickness reduction and heat-treatment temperature the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) can be controlled in a wide range from positive (α ∼ 2.1 × 10−5 K−1) to negative (α ∼ −1.1 × 10−5 K−1) via in-plane anisotropy of TE. A very small CTE of α ∼ −5.3 × 10−7 K−1 (invar-like behavior) in a wide temperature window of 230 K (353–123 K) is obtained at an angle of 33.5° to the rolling direction (RD) of the severely cold-rolled sheet. TEM and XRD studies show that the microstructure underlying such anomalous TE behavior consists of a mixture of B2 nano-grains and retained/residual deformation-induced martensite and that the observed anomalous TE anisotropy is due to the intrinsic anisotropic TE of residual martensite. The invar-like behavior is the result of the cancellation of the positive TE of austenite phase with the negative TE of residual martensite along 33.5° to the RD. A simple rule of mixture model incorporating the intrinsic TE of B2 and B19′ lattices and the texture coefficients of the sample is proposed which successfully captures the anomalous in-plane TE anisotropy. The discovery of high dimensional stability over a wide temperature window along with temperature insensitive non-hysteretic linear superelasticity of the severely-deformed NiTi opens up a new route for designing stable SMAs for applications in ragged environments.