The AD-linked protease BACE1 cleaves APP to produce toxic β-amyloid peptides
BACE1 also cleaves the non-amyloid substrates NRG1 and L1
BACE1 cleavage of NRG1 and L1 is endocytosis-independent, unlike the cleavage of APP
The endosomally targeted BACE1 inhibitor spares NRG1 and L1 but inhibits APP processing