Chronic sub-lethal NaF exposure increases body F− conc. in D. melanogaster.
Elevated HSP70, DNA and tissue damage confirm stress at selected NaF concentration.
NaF treatment alters the activities of SOD, CAT, Cyp450, GST and AChE enzymes.
Increased LPO activity confirms oxidative stress due to NaF exposure.
Selected NaF concentrations can induce paradoxical toxic responses in Drosophila.