The application of sulfur or sulfate caused consistent reductions in seed Se concentrations. The seed Se concentrations of selenate-treated plants were approximately 3.0–5.0 times those of selenite-treated plants. More than 99% of the Se accumulated in seeds of selenite- or selenate-treated plants was concentrated in rapeseed meal. The application of selenite or selenate significantly reduced the erucic acid content and increased the oleic acid content of seeds.