Carbon vacancies have been successfully formed on the surface of g-C3N4.
Photocatalytic H2O2 production at g-C3N4 could be improved by as much as 14 times in the absence of organic scavenger through a carbon vacancy-based strategy.
Carbon vacancy could narrow the band gap of g-C3N4 to enhance its visible light absorption.
The presence of carbon vacancies changed the H2O2 generation pathway from a two-step single-electron indirect reduction to a one-step two-electron direct reduction.