Effects of in vivo chronic exposure to pendimethalin on EROD activity and antioxidant defenses in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
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- 作者：Morgane Danion ; St茅phane Le Floch ; Fran莽ois Lamour ; Claire Quentel
- 关键词：Pendimethalin ; Oncorhynchus mykiss ; EROD ; GSH ; SOD ; GPx
- 刊名：Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
- 出版年：January, 2014
- 年：2014
- 卷：99
- 期：Complete
- 页码：21-27
- 全文大小：725 K
文摘
Pendimethalin, an herbicide active substance frequently used in terrestrial systems, has detected in European aquatic ecosystems. Reliable indicators still need to be found in order to properly assess the impact of pesticides in fish. After an in vivo chronic exposure to pendimethalin, the detoxification process and the antioxidant defense system were assessed in 120 adult rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Four nominal exposure conditions were tested: control (C), 500 ng L鈭? (P500), 800 ng L鈭? (P800) and the commercial formulation Prowl庐 at 500 ng L鈭? (Pw500). Fish samples were made after a 28 day exposure period (D28) and after a fifteen day recovery period in clean fresh water (D43). At D28, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity was not activated in liver in spite of the pendimethalin uptake in fish. At D43, EROD activity in fish exposed to the commercial product was lower than in control fish, which may be explained by the high presence of herbicide in fish (613卤163 ng g bile鈭?). Furthermore, antioxidant defense responses were set up by trout in gills and liver following chronic exposure to 800 ng L鈭? of pendimethalin concentration. While the glutathione content (GSH) decreased in gills, it increased in liver associated with higher activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). These disturbances could lead to reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress in the vital organs in fish. After fifteen days in clean water, while the SOD activity was restored, the GSH content and GPx activity were still significantly disturbed in fish exposed to pendimethalin in comparison with control. These significant differences between treatments in antioxidant defenses parameters measured, attesting to the irreversibility of the effects.