Bothrops fonsecai snake venom activities and cross-reactivity with commercial bothropic venom

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• 作者：Rita de Cá ; ssia O. Collaç ; o^a ; Priscila Randazzo-Moura^a ; ^b ; ^{priscilarandazzo@yahoo.com.br} ; Mariana L. Tamascia^a ; Igor Rapp F. da Silva^a ; Thalita Rocha^c ; José ; C. Cogo^d ; Stephen Hyslop^a ; Charles G. Sanny^e ; Lé ; a Rodrigues-Simioni^a
• 关键词：CAv ; commercial bothropic antivenom ; CRelAb ; relative concentration of antibody ; CRelAv ; relative concentration of antibody in the antivenoms ; EDL ; extensor digitorum longus muscle ; Maxh ; maximum reactivity between venom and antivenom ; RCav ; relative concentration of antibody in the antivenoms ; RCab ; relative concentration of antibody ; PLA2 ; phospholipase A2 ; SAv ; specific anti-B. fonsecai antivenom ; SE-HPLC ; size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography ; SVMP ; snake venom metalloprotein
• 刊名：Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：191
• 期：Complete
• 页码：86-100
• 全文大小：2311 K
• 卷排序：191

文摘

In this work, we examined some biochemical and biological activities of Bothrops fonsecai venom, a pitviper endemic to southeastern Brazil, and assessed their neutralization by commercial bothropic antivenom (CAv). Cross-reactivity of venom with CAv was also assessed by immunoblotting and size-exclusion high performance chromatography (SE-HPLC). Bothrops fonsecai venom had PLA2, proteolytic and esterase activities that were neutralized to varying extents by venom:antivenom ratios of 5:1 and 5:2 (PLA2 and esterase activities) or not significantly by either venom:antivenom ratio (proteolytic activity). The minimum hemorrhagic dose (69.2 μg) was totally neutralized by both ratios. Clotting time in rat citrated plasma was 33 ± 10.5 s (mean ± SD; n = 5) and was completely neutralized by a 5:2 ratio. Edema formation was dose-dependent (1–30 μg/site) and significantly inhibited by both ratios. Venom (10–300 μg/mL) caused neuromuscular blockade in extensor digitorum longus preparations; this blockade was inhibited best by a 5:2 ratio. Venom caused myonecrosis and creatine kinase release in vivo (gastrocnemius muscle) and in vitro (extensor digitorum longus) that was effectively neutralized by both venom:antivenom ratios. Immunoblotting showed that venom components of ~ 25–100 kDa interacted with CAv. SE-HPLC profiles for venom incubated with CAv or specific anti-B. fonsecai antivenom raised in rabbits (SAv) indicated that CAv had a higher binding capacity than SAv, whereas SAv had higher affinity than CAv. These findings indicate that B. fonsecai venom contains various activities that are neutralized to different extents by CAv and suggest that CAv could be used to treat envenoming by B. fonsecai.