Templated synthesis and activation of highly nitrogen-doped worm-like carbon composites based on melamine-urea-formaldehyde resins for high performance supercapacitors

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• 作者：Guanglin Sun^a ; Liya Ma^a ; Jiabing Ran^a ; Bing Li^a ; Xinyu Shen^a ; Hua Tong^a ; ^b ; ^{sem@whu.edu.cn" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：Nitrogen-rich carbon ; melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin ; hierarchical porous structure ; energy storage ; supercapacitor
• 刊名：Electrochimica Acta
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：10 March 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：194
• 期：Complete
• 页码：168-178
• 全文大小：4193 K

文摘

Nitrogen–rich carbon materials with hierarchical porosity were obtained by pyrolyzing melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF) resins between 650 and 850 °C with a mesoporous silica template, followed by KOH activation under N₂ atmosphere. In the synthesis process, the high nitrogen-containing MUF resins serve not only as carbon precursor but also as nitrogen source, and nitrogen content can be easily controlled by the carbonization temperature. The resulting MUF resins-derived porous carbon(MUFCx) exhibits a high surface area (up to 2563.4 m² g⁻¹) with nitrogen content varying from 14.25 to 11.68 at.%, respectively. As expected, electrochemical measurements show that the sample carbonized at 750 °C exhibits improved capacitance properties, such as an enlarged specific capacity (375 F g⁻¹ at 0.5 A g⁻¹), excellent rate capability (272 F g⁻¹ at 10 A g⁻¹), as well as excellent cycling retention (only 5% loss after 2000 cycles). Furthermore, an as-fabricated MUFC-based symmetric supercapacitor device shows a high energy density of 23.43 W h kg⁻¹ at a power density of 450 W kg⁻¹ operated in the voltage range of 0–1.8 V in 1 M Na₂SO₄ aqueous electrolyte.