A standard delay conditioning paradigm (a 540 ms tone-CS coterminating with a 100 ms air-puff-US, 100 paired CS-US trials and 30 extinction CS-alone trials) was used in a total of 30 healthy subjects (18 f, 12 m, mean age 23.4 ¡À 1.9 years). TDCS (2 mA intensity, ramp like onset) was applied over the right cerebellar hemisphere ipsilaterally to the US. TDCS was applied during the acquisition phase. Subjects were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n = 10) using anodal, cathodal or sham stimulation. The investigator as well as the participants was blinded to the stimulation modality.<h4 class=""h4"">Resultsh4>
Compared to sham stimulation mean CR-incidence and learning rate were significantly enhanced by anodal tDCS, whereas onset of CRs occurred significantly earlier. Mean CR incidence and learning rate were significantly reduced in the cathodal stimulation group with no significant changes of timing compared to sham stimulation.<h4 class=""h4"">Conclusionsh4>
In healthy individuals anodal cerebellar tDCS appears to enhance the ability to acquire conditioned eyeblink responses which, however, were less appropriately timed. On the contrary CR-acquisition was markedly decreased by cathodal stimulation.
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