Branch migration of Holliday junction (~ 0.7 nm) was observed by smFRET measurement.
State transition trajectories were reproduced by photon-based VB-HMM analysis.
State transitions were resolved at upper limit of time resolution (~ 1000 photons).
Migration kinetics was specified as single- and multi-base-pair steps with rates.
Branch migration is suitable as a standard sample for smFRET measurement.