Solid oxide fuel cell composite cathodes based on perovskite and fluorite structures

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• 作者：Vladislav Sadykov^a ; ^b ; ^{sadykov@catalysis.ru"" rel=""nofollow} ; ^{sadykovy@academ.org"" rel=""nofollow} ; Natalia Mezentseva^a ; Vladimir Usoltsev^a ; Ekaterina Sadovskaya^a ; Arkady Ishchenko^a ; Svetlana Pavlova^a ; Yulia Bespalko^a ; Tamara Kharlamova^a ; Ekaterina Zevak^a ; ^b ; Aleksei Salanov^a ; Tamara Krieger^a ; Vladimir Belyaev^a ; Oleg Bobrenok^c ; Nikolai Uvarov^d ; Yury Okhlupin^d ; Oleg Smorygo^e ; Alevtina Smirnova^f ; Prabhakar Singh^g ; Aleksandr Vlasov^h ; Mikhail Korobeynikov^h ; Aleksandr Bryazgin^h ; Peter Kalinin^h ; Andrei Arzhannikov^h
• 关键词：SOFC ; Cathode nanocomposites ; Ultrasonic treatment ; Radiation– ; thermal sintering ; Oxygen mobility ; Cell performance
• 刊名：Journal of Power Sources
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：1 September 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：196
• 期：17
• 页码：7104-7109
• 全文大小：1243 K

文摘

This work presents the results related to the functionally graded fluorite (F)–perovskite (P) nanocomposite cathodes for IT SOFC. Nanocrystalline fluorites (GDC, ScCeSZ) and perovskites (LSrMn, LSrFNi) were synthesized by Pechini method. Nanocomposites were prepared by the ultrasonic dispersion of F and P powders in isopropanol with addition of polyvinyl butyral. Different techniques for deposition and sintering of functionally graded cathode materials were applied including traditional approaches as well as original methods, such as radiation–thermal sintering under electron beam or microwave radiation. Morphology, microstructure and elemental composition of nanocomposites was characterized by XRD and HRTEM/SEM with EDX. Even for dense composites, the sizes of perovskite and fluorite domains remain in the nanorange providing developed P–F interfaces. Oxygen isotope heteroexchange and conductivity/weight relaxation studies demonstrated that these interfaces provide a path for fast oxygen diffusion. The redistribution of the elements between P and F phases in nanocomposites occurs without formation of insulating zirconate phases. Button-size fuel cells with nanocomposite functionally graded cathodes, thin YSZ layers and anode Ni/YSZ cermet (either bulk or supported on Ni–Al foam substrates) were manufactured. For optimized composition and functionally graded design of P–F nanocomposite cathodes, a stable performance in the intermediate temperature range with maximum power density up to 0.5 W cm⁻² at 700 °C in wet H₂/air feeds was demonstrated.