In situ carbon isotopic analysis of ∼3.5 Ga organic matter and coexisting carbonate.
δ13C values in specific organic microstructures range between −33.6‰ and −25.7‰.
The range of δ13C(OM) values represents primary variability of organic matter.
Correlation between δ13C values and microstructures argues against abiotic origin.
The range of δ13C(OM) and Δ13C(Carb-OM) values supports variable C-fixation paths.