Age Threshold for Increased Stroke Risk Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Nationwide Cohort Study From Taiwan

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• 作者：Tze-Fan Chao ; MD^&lowast ; ; ^&dagger ; ; Kang-Ling Wang ; MD^&lowast ; ; ^&dagger ; ; ^&Dagger ; ; ^§ ; ; Chia-Jen Liu ; MD^鈥?/sup> ; ^¶ ; ; Yenn-Jiang Lin ; MD^&lowast ; ; ^&dagger ; ; Shih-Lin Chang ; MD^&lowast ; ; ^&dagger ; ; Li-Wei Lo ; MD^&lowast ; ; ^&dagger ; ; Yu-Feng Hu ; MD^&lowast ; ; ^&dagger ; ; Ta-Chuan Tuan ; MD^&lowast ; ; ^&dagger ; ; Fa-Po Chung ; MD^&lowast ; ; ^&dagger ; ; Jo-Nan Liao ; MD^&lowast ; ; ^&dagger ; ; Tzeng-Ji Chen ; MD^# ; Chern-En Chiang ; MD ; PhD^&lowast ; ; ^&dagger ; ; ^&Dagger ; ; ^§ ; ; Gregory Y.H. Lip ; MD^&lowast ; &lowast ; ; Shih-Ann Chen ; MD^&lowast ; ; ^&dagger ; ; ^{epsachen@ms41.hinet.net" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：CHA2DS2-VASc score ; ischemic stroke ; risk assessment ; Taiwan
• 刊名：Journal of the American College of Cardiology
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：22 September 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：66
• 期：12
• 页码：1339-1347
• 全文大小：693 K

文摘

Recent studies from Asia have suggested that the risk of ischemic stroke for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) with a “low-risk” congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischemic attack, vascular disease, age 65 to 74, female (CHA₂DS₂-VASc) score of 0 (for males) or 1 (for females) might be higher than that for non-Asians.

Objectives

This study hypothesized that the age threshold (65 years) used in the CHA₂DS₂-VASc system for initiating oral anticoagulants (OACs) might be lower in Taiwanese AF patients than in non-Asians.

Methods

We used the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan to study 186,570 nonanticoagulated AF patients. There were 9,416 males with a CHA₂DS₂-VASc score of 0 and 6,390 females with a CHA₂DS₂-VASc score of 1. Their risk of ischemic stroke was analyzed with stratification on the basis of age.

Results

The annual risks of ischemic stroke for males (score 0) and females (score 1) were 1.15% and 1.12%, respectively, and continuously increased from younger to older age groups, with an increment in stroke risk evident for patients >50 years of age. At a cutoff of 50 years, patients could be further stratified into 2 subgroups with different stroke risks (>50 years of age: 1.78%/year; vs. <50 years of age: 0.53%/year). This observation was consistent for males (1.95%/year vs. 0.46%/year, respectively) and females (1.58%/year vs. 0.64%/year, respectively) with AF. In a subgroup analysis, the annual risks of ischemic stroke for males and females with AF 50 to 54 years of age were 1.47% and 1.07%, respectively.

Conclusions

For Taiwanese patients 50 to 64 years of age, the annual stroke risk was 1.78%, which may exceed the threshold for OAC use for stroke prevention. The annual risk of ischemic stroke for AF patients <50 years of age was 0.53%, which was truly low-risk, and OACs could be omitted. Whether resetting the age threshold to 50 years could refine current clinical risk stratification for Asian AF patients deserves further study.