Porous titania/carbon hybrid microspheres templated by in situ formed polystyrene colloids

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• 作者：Ting Cheng^a ; ^b ; Guoqiang Zhang^c ; Yonggao Xia^a ; Zaicheng Sun^c ; Zhaohui Yang^d ; Rui Liu^e ; Ying Xiao^a ; Xiaoyan Wang^a ; ^f ; Meimei Wang^a ; ^b ; Jianzhen Ban^a ; ^g ; Liangtao Yang^a ; ^g ; Qing Ji^a ; Bao Qiu^a ; Guoxin Chen^a ; Huifeng Chen^a ; Yichao Lin^a ; Xiaoying Pei^a ; Qiang Wu^d ; Jian-Qiang Meng^f ; Zhaoping Liu^a ; Liang Chen^a ; Tonghu Xiao^b ; Ling-Dong Sun^e ; Chun-Hua Yan^e ; Hans Jü ; rgen Butt^h ; Ya-Jun Cheng^a ; ^{chengyj@nimte.ac.cn" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：Titania/carbon hybrid ; Microsphere ; Polystyrene ; Solvothermal ; Photo catalyst ; Lithium-ion battery anode
• 刊名：Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：1 May 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：469
• 期：Complete
• 页码：242-256
• 全文大小：5368 K

文摘

A new strategy to synthesize hierarchical, porous titania/carbon (TiO₂/C) hybrid microspheres via solvothermal reaction in N,N′-dimethyl formamide (DMF) has been developed. In situ formed polystyrene (PS) colloids have been used as templating agent and carbon source, through which TiO₂/PS microspheres with a diameter of ca. 1 μm are built by packed TiO₂ nanoparticles of tens of nanometers. The TiO₂/PS microspheres are converted to TiO₂/C microspheres with different amounts of carbon under controlled calcination condition. The mechanism investigation unveils that the introduction of concentrated HCl creates surface tension between PS and DMF, leading to the formation of PS colloids in solution. The solvothermal treatment further promotes the formation of PS colloids and integration of the titania nanoparticles within the PS colloids. The morphology, crystallinity, nature and content of carbon, UV–Vis absorption, carbon doping, pore size distribution, pore volume, and BET surface area of the TiO₂ microspheres with different amounts of carbon have been measured. The applications of the TiO₂/C hybrid microspheres as photo catalyst for water splitting and lithium-ion battery anode have been demonstrated. Superior photo catalytic activity for hydrogen conversion under both full spectrum and visible light illumination compared to commercial P25 has been observed for the TiO₂/C microspheres with 2 wt% of carbon. Besides, the TiO₂/C microspheres with 8 wt% of carbon as lithium-ion battery anode showed a much higher capacity than the bare TiO₂ microsphere anode. The origin for the enhanced performance as photo catalyst and lithium-ion battery anode is discussed.