Archaeomagnetism at Ebla (Tell Mardikh, Syria). New data on geomagnetic field intensity variations in the Near East during the Bronze Age
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- 作者：Yves Gallet ; Marta D'Andrea ; Agn猫s Genevey ; Frances Pinnock ; Maxime Le Goff ; Paolo Matthiae
- 关键词：Tell Mardikh/Ebla ; Bronze Age ; Archaeointensity ; Intensity maximum
- 刊名：Journal of Archaeological Science
- 出版年：February, 2014
- 年：2014
- 卷：42
- 期：Complete
- 页码：295-304
- 全文大小：2172 K
文摘
Thanks to systematic excavations conducted at Tell Mardikh/Ebla (Syria) during more than 40 years, we collected eleven groups of Bronze Age ceramic fragments defining a series of seven time intervals dated to between 鈭?300聽BC and 鈭?400聽BC. Archaeointensity experiments were performed using the Triaxe protocol that takes into account both anisotropy thermoremanent magnetization and cooling rate effects. The results, complemented by three other data previously obtained from Ebla, allow the recovery of geomagnetic field intensity variations over nearly 1000 years characterized by a V-shape, with a distinct relative intensity minimum around the 18th century BC. They also permit to constrain the occurrence of an intensity maximum between 鈭?300 and 鈭?000聽BC. Together with other archaeointensity data obtained from Syrian, Levantine and Anatolian regions, the results from Ebla help to make emerging a coherent pattern of geomagnetic field intensity variations in the Near East over the entire Bronze period. This evolution was marked by distinct intensity maxima at 鈭?600-2500聽BC, 鈭?300-2000聽BC, 鈭?550-1350聽BC and at the very beginning of the first millennium BC (Iron Age), the latter showing a much higher magnitude than the three older ones. We discuss the fact that the detected geomagnetic field intensity maxima could be associated with the occurrence of archaeomagnetic jerks that appear synchronous, within age uncertainties, with significant regional climatic fluctuations.