Methane production improvement in MEC-assisted AD systems was confirmed. The highest energy recovery efficiency due to the electricity use in the batch system was 41.6%. An increase in voltage from 0.3 V to 0.6 V did not increase methane production. The MEC-assisted systems increased hydrogenotrophic methanogens by up to 17.2 times. The MEC-assisted systems had no impact on the population of acetoclastic methanogens.