Phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS) acts as a global signal molecule in Escherichia coli.
PAPS accumulation stimulates cAMP-CRP-dependent gene expression.
PAPS/cAMP interplay affects composition of bacterial cell surface-associated structures.
PAPS (or PAPS reductase) interacts with the global regulator and nucleoid-associated protein HupA.