Evaluate the HRCT findings in patients with pulmonary complications of RA.
This study involved 20 patients; 14 females and 6 males, age range 16–64 years (average 48 years). All patients were known cases of RA presenting with dyspnea and cough. Pulmonary complications associated with RA have been evaluated through: clinical examination; laboratory tests mostly CBC and other tests were considered according to case e.g., sputum analysis etc.; and radiological (chest radiograph and HRCT) and functional (Spirometry) assessment.
HRCT findings showed signs of interstitial disease in 9 cases (45%), air-way disease in 9 cases (45%) and findings of both entities in 2 cases (10%). 11 cases showed HRCT signs of ILD as follows: 10 (91%) cases showed bilateral subpleural predominantly basal GGO, 8 (73%) cases showed bilateral subpleural predominantly basal reticulation with traction bronchiolectasis, 1 (9%) case showed diffuse GGO, and 2 (18%) cases showed cysts. Out of 11 cases, 9 (89%) cases were consistent with NSIP and 2 (11%) cases were consistent with LIP. 11 cases showed HRCT signs of airway disease, 10 (91%) cases showed bronchial wall thickening, 9 (82%) cases showed hyperinflation, 6 (55%) cases showed bronchiectasis, 5 (45%) cases showed mosaic perfusion, 3 (27%) cases showed beading of the bronchial wall, and 1 (9%) case showed air trapping. PFT showed restrictive changes in 6 out of the 9 patients with HRCT findings of ILD, obstructive changes with signs of small airway disease in 8 out of the 9 patients with HRCT findings suggestive of airway disease, and mixed restrictive and obstructive findings in the 2 patients with both entities by HRCT.
25">Role of HRCT imaging in the evaluation and diagnosis of patients with intra-thoracic manifestations of RA is central, being accurate and non-invasive.