PAH metabolites were measured in cattle urine in urban and rural areas in Ghana.
2-OHNaphthalene (2-OHNap) was the most abundant PAH metabolites.
20">Mothballs containing naphthalene might have contributed to 2-OHNap in cattle urine.
25">Exposure of cattle in Kokote (rural area) to PAHs was higher than the other sites.
2-OHNap was higher in male cattle compared to females but opposite for 1-9-OHPhe.