Cilia and expression of DNAI2 were examined in oviducts of female NOD mice. Oviductal cilia of diabetic NOD mice appeared to be reduced in number. Expression of DNAI2 protein was significantly less in oviducts of diabetic NOD mice. Oviductal cilia of diabetic NOD mice displayed abnormal axonemal ultrastructure. Altered oviductal cilia in diabetic mice might be detrimental to ciliary functions.