3D optical method for measuring and evaluating the springback.
Evaluation index <em>Sem> consists of a 3D springback value <em>wem> and its vectors along <em>xem>, <em>yem> and <em>zem> directions.
Point cloud obtained using photogrammetry and surface scanning systems.
A cutting line for the point cloud or CAD model obtained in Geomagic Qualify.
Springback calculated as the difference between any two corresponding key points in cutting.