The inflammatory mediators in macrophages induced by group A Streptococcus (GAS) were examined.
GAS induced less inflammatory mediators than Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli.
GAS induced less p-p65 of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) translocation in macrophages than S. aureus.
GAS induced non-classical NF-κB activation in macrophages: p65–p52 heterodimer.