Impact of Community-Based Approach as Policy Tool: World Health Organization-Designated Safe Communities of Korea and Health Action Zones of the United Kingdom

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• 作者：Changhyun Kang^a ; ^{welchkang@empas.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author} ; Jihyung Shin^b ; Bob Matthews^c
• 关键词：area-based initiatives ; Health Action Zones ; policy tool ; safety policy of Korea ; World Health Organization Safe Community
• 刊名：Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：7
• 期：1
• 页码：36-42
• 全文大小：353 K

文摘

The aim of this study is to ascertain and identify the effectiveness of area-based initiatives as a policy tool mediated by societal and individual factors in the five World Health Organization (WHO)-designated Safe Communities of Korea and the Health Action Zones of the United Kingdom (UK).

Methods

The Korean National Hospital discharge in-depth injury survey from the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and causes of death statistics by the Statistics Korea were used for all analyses. The trend and changes in injury rate and mortality by external causes were compared among the five WHO-designated Safe Communities in Korea.

Results

The injury incident rates decreased at a greater level in the Safe Communities compared with the national average. Similar results were shown for the changes in unintentional injury incident rates. In comparison of changes in mortality rate by external causes between 2005 and 2011, the rate increase in Safe Communities was higher than the national average except for Jeju, where the mortality rate by external causes decreased.

Conclusion

When the Healthy Action Zones of the UK and the WHO Safe Communities of Korea were examined, the outcomes were interpreted differently among the compared index, regions, and time periods. Therefore, qualitative outcomes, such as bringing the residents' attention to the safety of the communities and promoting participation and coordination of stakeholders, should also be considered as important impacts of the community-based initiatives.