X-ray structures and electronic properties of the 1,1′,2,2′- and 1,1′,3,3′-tetra-t-butylferrocenium(1+) cations

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• 作者：Kristina M. Gansle^a ; ¹ ; Alexander E. Gash^a ; ² ; C. Kevin Chambliss^a ; ³ ; Brady J. Clapsaddle^a ; ⁴ ; Brian S. Newell^a ; Susie M. Miller^a ; Oren P. Anderson^a ; Russell P. Hughes^b ; ^{rph@dartmouth.edu} ; Steven H. Strauss^a ; ^{steven.strauss@colostate.edu}
• 关键词：Tetraalkylferrocene ; Ferrocenium salts ; Perrhenate salts ; X-ray structure ; Reduction potentials
• 刊名：Polyhedron
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：10 January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：121
• 期：Complete
• 页码：88-94
• 全文大小：1371 K
• 卷排序：121

文摘

The compounds 1,1′,2,2′- and 1,1′,3,3′-tetra-t-butylferrocene (1,2-BUT and 1,3-BUT, respectively) were oxidized with AgReO4 in dichloromethane and the ferrocenium(1+) salts were isolated, after recrystallization from acetone, as dark-blue or dark-green crystals of [1,2-BUT+][ReO4−] and [1,3-BUT+][ReO4−]·acetone, respectively, which were suitable for X-ray diffraction. As expected from the known structures of the neutral ferrocenes, the di-t-butylcyclopentadienyl (Cp′) rings are virtually parallel in the 1,2-BUT+ cation and are tilted by 11.6° in the 1,3-BUT+ cation. The FeC distances in both cations span a greater range and are, on average, longer than in the corresponding neutral ferrocenes. UV–Vis spectra revealed that λmax for yellow 1,2-BUT (442 nm) is lower than for orange 1,3-BUT (466 nm) and that λmax for blue 1,2-BUT+ (674 nm) is lower than for green 1,3-BUT+ (682 nm). In addition, E1/2(+/0) values determined by cyclic voltammetry in dichloromethane, reported here for the first time, show that 1,3-BUT (−0.24 V versus Fe(Cp)2+/0) is 50 mV easier to oxidize than 1,2-BUT (−0.19 V versus Fe(Cp)2+/0). A comparison of the structure of [1,2-BUT+][ReO4−] with that of the literature compound [1,3-DEC+][ReO4−] shows that the shortest Fe⋯Re distances in the two salts are ca. 5.8 Å, indicating that the effective ion-pairing radii of the two cations are essentially the same in spite of the much greater overall size of the 1,3-DEC+ cation (1,3-DEC+ = 1,1′,3,3′-tetra(2-methyl-2-nonyl)ferrocenium(1+)). This surprising result is significant as far as differences in anion-extraction equilibria reported previously.