This study represents TSPyVs of about 40% reported TS cases from three continents.
TSPyVs genome sequences, phylogenetic distribution and evolution have been assessed.
Thirty substitutions and two deletions accumulated along three phylogenetic lineages of 13 TSPyVs.
Three out of four non-synonymous substitutions (NSS) were found in MT/ALTO protein.
A NSS that may have been fixed most early in MT/ALTO shows codon-constrained Val-Ala (COCO-VA) toggling.
Three sets of covarying genome sites have been identified.