Vitamin D₃ supplementation: Response and predictors of vitamin D₃ metabolites - A randomized controlled trial

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• 作者：Ulrike Lehmann^a ; Annett Riedel^a ; Frank Hirche^a ; Corinna Brandsch^a ; Matthias Girndt^b ; Christof Ulrich^b ; Eric Seibert^b ; Christian Henning^c ; Marcus A. Glomb^c ; Jutta Dierkes^d ; Gabriele I. Stangl^a ; ^{gabriele.stangl@landw.uni-halle.de" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：Vitamin D ; 25(OH)D3 ; 24 ; 25(OH)2D3 ; Supplementation ; Healthy subjects ; Randomized controlled trial
• 刊名：Clinical Nutrition
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：35
• 期：2
• 页码：351-358
• 全文大小：452 K

文摘

Large parts of the population are insufficiently supplied with vitamin D, in particular when endogenous synthesis is absent. Therefore many health care providers recommend the use of vitamin D supplements. The current study aimed to investigate the efficacy of an once-daily oral dose of 20 μg vitamin D₃ to improve the vitamin D status and to evaluate predictors of response.

Methods

The study was conducted as a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled parallel trial from January till April 2013. In total, 105 subjects (20–71 years) were allocated to receive either a vitamin D₃ supplement (20 μg/d) or a placebo for 12 weeks. Circulating levels of vitamin D₃ metabolites such as the 25(OH)D₃ and the 24,25(OH)₂D₃, and biomarkers of calcium and phosphate metabolism were quantified.

Results

The 25(OH)D₃ serum concentrations in the placebo group decreased from 38 ± 15 nmol/L at baseline to 32 ± 14 nmol/L and 32 ± 13 nmol/L at weeks 8 and 12 of the study, respectively (p < 0.01). In the vitamin D₃ group, the serum 25(OH)D₃ concentration increased from 38 ± 14 nmol/L at baseline to 70 ± 15 nmol/L and 73 ± 16 nmol/L at weeks 8 and 12 of vitamin D₃ supplementation (p < 0.001), respectively. As a result, 94% of the vitamin D₃-supplemented participants reached 25(OH)D₃ concentrations of ≥50 nmol/L and thereof 46% attained 25(OH)D₃ levels of ≥75 nmol/L until the end of the study. The extent of the 25(OH)D₃ increase upon vitamin D₃ supplementation depended on 25(OH)D₃ baseline levels, age, body weight and circulating levels of triglycerides. In contrast to 25(OH)D₃, the response of 24,25(OH)₂D₃ to the vitamin D₃ treatment was affected only by baseline levels of 24,25(OH)₂D₃ and age.

Conclusions

The average improvement of 25(OH)D₃ levels in individuals who received 20 μg vitamin D₃ per day during the winter months was 41 nmol/L compared to individuals without supplementation. As a result almost all participants with the vitamin D₃ supplementation attained 25(OH)D₃ concentrations of 50 nmol/L and higher. The suitability of 24,25(OH)₂D₃ as a marker of vitamin D status needs further investigation.

Clinical trial registration number at clinicaltrails.gov: NCT01711905.