Root bark of Sambucus Williamsii Hance promotes rat femoral fracture healing by the BMP-2/Runx2 signaling pathway

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• 作者：Bingyou Yang ; Xiaoying Lin ; Jinyan Tan ; Xian She ; Yan Liu ; Haixue Kuang ; ^{hxkuang@hotmail.com" class="auth_mail" title="E-mail the corresponding author}
• 关键词：Root-bark of Sambucus Williamsii Hance ; Fracture healing ; Bone marrow stromal cells ; BMP-2 ; BMPRs ; Runx2
• 刊名：Journal of Ethnopharmacology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：15 September 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：191
• 期：Complete
• 页码：107-114
• 全文大小：1959 K

文摘

Sambucus Williamsii Hance (SWH) is a plant from a family of Caprifoliaceae, which has a long medical history of use as an effective folk treatment for fracture bruises.

Aim of the study

To evaluate the effects of 50% ethanol extracts of root-bark of Sambucus Williamsii Hance(EE-rbSWH) on fracture healing of rats and explore its mechanism of actions related to the BMP-2 signaling pathway.

Materials and methods

EE-rbSWH was orally administered at the doses of 340 and 680 mg/kg to adult Sprague-Dawley rats with operation of open femur fracture completely for 2, 4 and 8 weeks. And the rats of sham operation and Model groups were administered Vehicle (distilled water 0.8 mL/200 g/day). Firstly, the bone X-ray morphology and bone mineral density(BMD) of the fracture site were observed and measured after anesthesia the rats at weeks 2, 4, and 8 after surgery, then the serum levels of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and osteocalcin (BGP) were measured; Secondly, the tissue morphology of the fracture site was observed after sacrificed the rats; Thirdly, the formation of mineralized nodules in bone marrow stromal cells(BMSC) were evaluated at week 2; Lastly, the genes levels of BMP-2 and Runx2 in the femur were detected at week 2 and 4, and the proteins expression of BMP-2 signaling pathway (BMP-2, BMPRIB, BMPRII and Runx2) in the femur also were detected at week 2.

Results:

EE-rbSWH remarkably accelerated fracture healing by promoting bone formation at all the time points of fracture healing. Mainly by increasing the BMD level at the fracture site, the levels of serum ALP and BGP, and also the numbers increasing of calcified nodules in BMSC. The mechanism studies, EE-rbSWH can promote fracture healing by enhancing the expressions of BMP-2 and Runx2 mRNA, and also the proteins of BMP-2, BMPRIB, BMPRII and Runx2 at the fracture site of rats.

Conclusions:

Our results suggested that 50% ethanol extracts of root-bark of Sambucus Williamsii Hance can accelerate fracture healing by recruitment of osteoblasts at the fracture site and through up-regulation of the BMP-2 signaling pathway.