Crystal growth of MIL-47, MIL-53Al, and MIL-53Ga.
The Vernier structures have corner-sharing MO6 octrahedral chains and chains of H2BDC molecules.
The stoichiometry is determined by the ratio of the host framework to the guest H2BDC column lengths.
A correlation is established between the stoichiometry and the radius of the metal ion.
All atoms in the Al and Ga compounds show sinusoidal modulations transverse to the channel axis.