The occurrence of disinfection by-products in municipal drinking water in China's Pearl River Delta and a multipathway cancer risk assessment

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• 作者：Wenhui Gan^a ; Wanhong Guo^a ; Jianmin Mo^a ; Yisen He^a ; Yongjian Liu^a ; Wei Liu^a ; Yongmei Liang^a ; Xin Yang^a ; ^b ; ^{yangx36@mail.sysu.edu.cn}
• 关键词：Disinfection byproducts ; Drinking water ; Health risk ; Trihalomethanes ; Haloacetic acids
• 刊名：Science of the Total Environment
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：1 March, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：447
• 期：Complete
• 页码：108-115
• 全文大小：497 K

文摘

Disinfection byproducts were measured in the finished drinking water from ten water treatment plants in three Chinese cities ¡ª Guangzhou, Foshan and Zhuhai. A total of 155 water samples were collected in 2011 and 2012. The median (range) of trihalomethane (THM) and haloacetic acid (HAA) levels were 17.7 (0.7-62.7) ¦Ìg/L and 8.6 (0.3-81.3) ¦Ìg/L, respectively. Chloroform, dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid were the dominant species observed in Guangzhou and Foshan water, while brominated THMs predominated in water from Zhuhai. Haloacetonitriles, haloketones, chloral hydrate and trichloronitromethane were usually detected at levels ranging from unquantifiable (< 0.2 ¦Ìg/L) to 12.2 ¦Ìg/L (choral hydrate). THMs and HAAs showed clear seasonal variations with the total concentrations higher in winter than in summer. Correlations among DBP levels varied, with the strongest linear correlation observed between chloroform and chloral hydrate levels (R² = 0.77). The risk of cancer from ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact exposure to THMs was estimated. CHCl₂Br contributed the highest percentage of the cancer risk from ingestion pathway and CHCl₃ contributed the highest of cancer risk from inhalation pathway.