Compared with vancomycin-susceptible strains, expression of vraS was upregulated in all four isogenic heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) strains.
Vancomycin MICs in the vraSR null mutants B6D-ΔvraSR and D7-ΔvraSR were significantly lower than in the wild-type strains B6D and D7 and the complemented strain B6D_c.
RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR data showed that most of the differentially expressed proteins, including PrsA, FmtA, glycosyltransferase and TcaA, are involved in cell wall biosynthesis, which is associated with vancomycin resistance in S. aureus.