HCAECs were treated with anti-hPS Ab or anti-hPC Ab for 3 hours. TF expression was measured by real-time PCR and Western blot. TF-mediated procoagulant activity was determined by a commercial kit. MAPK phosphorylation was analyzed by Bio-Plex luminex immunoassay and Western blot. The potential proteins interacting with anti-hPS Ab were studied by immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry and in vitro pull-down assay.
Anti-hPS Ab, but not anti-hPC Ab, specifically induced TF expression and TF-mediated procoagulant activity in HCAECs in a concentration-dependent manner. This effect was confirmed in human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs). ERK1/2 phosphorylation was induced by anti-hPS Ab treatment, while inhibition of ERK1/2 by U0216 partially blocked anti-hPS Ab-induced TF upregulation (P < 0.05). In addition, anti-hPS Ab specifically cross-interacted with platelet phosphofructokinase (PFKP) in HCAECs. Anti-hPS Ab was able to directly inhibit PFKP activities in HCAECs. Furthermore, silencing of PFKP by PFKP shRNA resulted in TF upregulation in HCAECs, while activation of PFKP by fructose-6-phosphate partially blocked the effect of anti-hPS Ab on TF upregulation (P < 0.05).
Anti-hPS Ab induces TF expression through a direct interaction with PFKP and ERK1/2 activation in HCAECs. Anti-hPS Ab may directly contribute to vascular thrombosis in the patient with autoimmune disorders.
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