Measurements and simulations of Cherenkov light in lead fluoride crystals

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• 作者：Achenbach ; P. ; Baunack ; S. ; Grimm ; K. ; Hammel ; T. ; von Harrach ; D. ; Ginja ; A. Lopes ; Maas ; F.E. ; et. al.
• 关键词：24.10.Lx ; 29.40.Ka ; Cherenkov counters ; Lead fluoride ; Light yield ; Photoelectron distributions ; Monte Carlo simulations
• 刊名：Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
• 出版年：2001
• 出版时间：June 11, 2001
• 年：2001
• 卷：465
• 期：2-3
• 页码：318-328
• 全文大小：410 K

文摘

The anticipated use of more than 1000 lead fluoride (PbF₂) crystals as a fast and compact Cherenkov calorimeter material in a parity violation experiment at MAMI stimulated the investigation of the light yield (LY) of these crystals. The number of photoelectrons (p.e.) per MeV deposited energy has been determined with a hybrid photomultiplier tube (HPMT). In response to radioactive sources a LY between 1.7 and 1.9p.e./MeV was measured with 4 % statistical and 5 % systematic error. The LY optimization with appropriate wrappings and couplings was investigated by means of the HPMT. Furthermore, a fast Monte Carlo simulation based on the GEANT code was employed to calculate the characteristics of Cherenkov light in the PbF₂ crystals. The computing time was reduced by a factor of 50 compared to the regular photon tracking method by implementing detection probabilities as a three-dimensional look-up table. For a single crystal a LY of 2.1p.e./MeV was calculated. The corresponding detector response to electrons between 10 and 1000MeV was highly linear with a variation smaller than 1 % .