Seasonal Variation of Persistent Organochlorine Accumulation in Birds from Lake Baikal, Russia, and the Role of the South Asian Region as a Source of Pollution for Wintering Migrants
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- 作者：Tatsuya Kunisue ; Tu Binh Minh ; Kayo Fukuda ; Mafumi Watanabe ; Shinsuke Tanabe ; and Alexei M. Titenko
- 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
- 出版年：2002
- 出版时间：April 1, 2002
- 年：2002
- 卷：36
- 期：7
- 页码：1396 - 1404
- 全文大小：185K
- 年卷期：v.36,no.7(April 1, 2002)
- ISSN：1520-5851
文摘
Concentrations of persistent organochlorines (OCs) suchas polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), DDT and its metabolites(DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs), andchlordane compounds (CHLs) were determined in wholebody soft tissue homogenates and in muscles of resident andmigratory birds collected from Lake Baikal, Russia. Theresidue pattern in both resident and migratory birds wasin the following order: PCBs > DDTs > HCHs > CHLs. OCconcentrations in migratory birds varied, depending onthe feeding habit. The maximum levels of OCs were foundin piscivores, followed by insectivores, omnivores, andherbivores. OC residue levels in Lake Baikal birds were lowerthan those in the Great Lakes region as well as in otherlakes in Europe and Japan. Concentrations of HCHs andDDTs in most of the migratory birds collected in the springwere higher than for those collected in the autumn,indicating a notable accumulation in wintering grounds.Compilation and analysis of the available data in fish andbirds from Asia suggested that the tropical and subtropicalregions in south Asian countries may be a source of pollutionfor the wintering accumulation of migratory birds fromLake Baikal. Relatively higher compositions of 
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-HCHin total HCHs, p,p'-DDT in total DDTs were observed insome migratory species, indicating recent exposure to HCHsand DDTs in Lake Baikal or wintering areas. PCB isomerpatterns were different between residents and migrants, withthe predominance of lower chlorinated congeners inmigratory species, suggesting recent PCB accumulationin stopover sites during wintering. TEQ concentrations oftoxic non- and mono-ortho coplanar PCBs in common ternsfrom Lake Baikal were comparable to those reported insome species from Japan, the United States, and Europe.Relative contributions of non-ortho coplanar congenersto toxic equivalents (TEQs) were predominant, in which CB-126 accounted for the highest toxicity contribution.Estimated TEQ concentrations in the common tern fromLake Baikal exceeded the levels associated with enzymeinduction in bald eagles. To our knowledge, this is the firstcomprehensive study showing the seasonal variations ofOC accumulation in the birds from Lake Baikal.
- and -HCHin total HCHs, p,p'-DDT in total DDTs were observed insome migratory species, indicating recent exposure to HCHsand DDTs in Lake Baikal or wintering areas. PCB isomerpatterns were different between residents and migrants, withthe predominance of lower chlorinated congeners inmigratory species, suggesting recent PCB accumulationin stopover sites during wintering. TEQ concentrations oftoxic non- and mono-ortho coplanar PCBs in common ternsfrom Lake Baikal were comparable to those reported insome species from Japan, the United States, and Europe.Relative contributions of non-ortho coplanar congenersto toxic equivalents (TEQs) were predominant, in which CB-126 accounted for the highest toxicity contribution.Estimated TEQ concentrations in the common tern fromLake Baikal exceeded the levels associated with enzymeinduction in bald eagles. To our knowledge, this is the firstcomprehensive study showing the seasonal variations ofOC accumulation in the birds from Lake Baikal.