Putting Tuberculosis (TB) To Rest: Transformation of the Sleep Aid, Ambien, and “Anagrams” Generated Potent Antituberculosis Agents

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• 作者：Garrett C. Moraski ; Patricia A. Miller ; Mai Ann Bailey ; Juliane Ollinger ; Tanya Parish ; Helena I. Boshoff ; Sanghyun Cho ; Jeffery R. Anderson ; Surafel Mulugeta ; Scott G. Franzblau ; Marvin J. Miller
• 刊名：ACS Infectious Diseases
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：February 13, 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：1
• 期：2
• 页码：85-90
• 全文大小：325K
• ISSN：2373-8227

文摘

Zolpidem (Ambien, 1) is an imidazo[1,2-<i>ai>]pyridine-3-acetamide and an approved drug for the treatment of insomnia. As medicinal chemists enamored by how structure imparts biological function, we found it to have strikingly similar structure to the antitubercular imidazo[1,2-<i>ai>]pyridine-3-carboxyamides. Zolpidem was found to have antituberculosis activity (MIC of 10–50 μM) when screened against replicating <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosisi> (<i>Mtbi>) H₃₇Rv. Manipulation of the Zolpidem structure, notably, to structural isomers (“anagrams”), attains remarkably improved potency (5, MIC of 0.004 μM) and impressive potency against clinically relevant drug-sensitive, multi- and extensively drug-resistant <i>Mtbi> strains (MIC < 0.03 μM). Zolpidem anagrams and analogues were synthesized and evaluated for their antitubercular potency, toxicity, and spectrum of activity against nontubercular mycobacteria and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These efforts toward the rational design of isomeric anagrams of a well-known sleep aid underscore the possibility that further optimization of the imidazo[1,2-<i>ai>]pyridine core may well “put TB to rest”.