Removal of Benzoic Acid in Heavy Oils by Esterification Using Modified Ferrierite: Roles of Brønsted and Lewis Acid Sites
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- 作者：Young Hoo Lee ; Jae Young Park ; So Young Park ; Chul Hyun Kim ; Jae Wook Nam ; Young Jun Kim ; Jong Wook Bae
- 刊名：Energy & Fuels
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：July 21, 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：30
- 期：7
- 页码：5391-5397
- 全文大小：290K
- 年卷期：0
- ISSN：1520-5029
文摘
A utilization of heavy crude oils having a high total acid number (TAN) has been increased recently as a result of its lower price, and deacidification processes by esterification or thermal decarboxylation using heterogeneous catalysts can be a possible way to remove or neutralize acidic components in heavy oils. A conversion of benzoic acid as a model component of naphthenic acids was investigated using metal-modified H-form ferrierite in a batch reactor to verify the separate contributions of Brønsted and/or Lewis acid sites for esterification and decarboxylation reactions with methanol. The surface acid properties of metal-modified ferrierite with K, Zr, and P species significantly altered the extent of decarboxylation and esterification activities by showing a higher removal rate of benzoic acid on K-modified ferrierite. The amount of Lewis acid sites on metal-modified ferrierite was well-correlated with the conversion of benzoic acid. An increased esterification activity on K-modified ferrierite was mainly attributed to enhanced consecutive decarboxylation of methyl benzoate to form toluene selectively, which was formed by esterification of benzoic acid, as well as an enhanced decarboxylation of benzoic acid to benzene on the Brønsted and Lewis acid sites, respectively.