A QM/MM Approach Using the AMOEBA Polarizable Embedding: From Ground State Energies to Electronic Excitations

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• 作者：Daniele Loco ; Étienne Polack ; Stefano Caprasecca ; Louis Lagardère ; Filippo Lipparini ; Jean-Philip Piquemal ; Benedetta Mennucci
• 刊名：Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：August 9, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：12
• 期：8
• 页码：3654-3661
• 全文大小：418K
• 年卷期：0
• ISSN：1549-9626

文摘

A fully polarizable implementation of the hybrid quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics approach is presented, where the classical environment is described through the AMOEBA polarizable force field. A variational formalism, offering a self-consistent relaxation of both the MM induced dipoles and the QM electronic density, is used for ground state energies and extended to electronic excitations in the framework of time-dependent density functional theory combined with a state specific response of the classical part. An application to the calculation of the solvatochromism of the pyridinium N-phenolate betaine dye used to define the solvent E_T(30) scale is presented. The results show that the QM/AMOEBA model not only properly describes specific and bulk effects in the ground state but it also correctly responds to the large change in the solute electronic charge distribution upon excitation.