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Electronic Structure of Strained Silicon- and Sulfur-Bridged [1]Ferrocenophanes and an Analogous Dicarbon-Bridged [2]Ferrocenophane: An Investigation by Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Density-Function
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He I and He II photoelectron (PE) spectra of[Fe(-C5H4)2SiMe2](1),[Fe(-C5H3Me)2SiMe2](2),[Fe(-C5H4)(-C5Me4)SiMe2](3),[Fe(-C5Me4)2SiMe2](4),[Fe(-C5H4)2C2H4](5), and [Fe(-C5H4)2S] (6) havebeen measured and assigned. The d bands of1-5 show less structurethan that of ferrocene, consistent with a loss of degeneracy of thee2 orbitals on bending.Compound 6, which has the largest inter-ring angle ofthe series, shows two separate dbands. The trend in the first ionization energy closely parallelsthe variation in oxidationpotential. Density functional calculations on 1,5, and 6 give geometries in goodagreementwith the structures found from X-ray diffraction. Ionizationenergies calculated were alsoin excellent agreement with experiment. Good agreement was alsofound between thecalculated d-d transitions and the position of the first spin-allowedband in the opticalspectra of 1 and 6. Estimates of strainenergy in bending ferrocene and octamethylferrocenewere obtained, and octamethylferrocene was shown to be significantlymore difficult to bend.Compounds 1 and 6 were both shown to have alow-lying empty orbital, partially located onthe ipso carbon, which is a possible site for nucleophilicattack in the polymerization processundergone by these compounds.

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