Disentangling Oil Weathering Using GC×GC. 2. Mass Transfer Calculations

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• 作者：J. Samuel Arey ; Robert K. Nelson ; Desiree L. Plata ; Christopher M. Reddy
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2007
• 出版时间：August 15, 2007
• 年：2007
• 卷：41
• 期：16
• 页码：5747 - 5755
• 全文大小：685K
• 年卷期：v.41,no.16(August 15, 2007)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Hydrocarbon mass transfers to the atmosphere and watercolumn drive the early weathering of oil spills and alsocontrol the chemical exposures of many coastal wildlifespecies. However, in the field, mass transfer rates of individualhydrocarbons to air and water are often uncertain. Inthe Part 1 companion to this paper, we used comprehensivetwo-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) to identifydistinct signatures of evaporation and dissolutionencoded in the compositional evolution of weathered oils.In Part 2, we further investigate patterns of mass removalin GC×GC chromatograms using a mass transfer model. Themodel was tailored to conditions at a contaminatedbeach on Buzzards Bay, MA, after the 2003 Bouchard 120oil spill. The model was applied to all resolved hydrocarboncompounds in the C₁₁-C₂₄ boiling range, based ontheir GC×GC-estimated vapor pressures and aqueoussolubilities. With no fitted parameters, the model successfullypredicted GC×GC chromatogram patterns of massremoval associated with evaporation, water-washing, anddiffusion-limited transport. This enabled a critical fieldevaluation of the mass transfer model and also allowedmass apportionment estimates of hundreds of individualhydrocarbon compounds to air and water. Ultimately, thismethod should improve assessments of wildlife exposuresto oil spill hydrocarbons.